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Electricity, its Heating, Chemical and Magnetic Effects
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Electricity, Heating, Magnetic Effects Summary
Electric potential is the condition that determines the flow of charge. Electrical potential at a point in an electric field is defined as the amount of work done in bringing a unit of positive charge from infinity to that point.
Electrical potential is a scalar quantity.
The potential difference between two points in an electric field is the amount of work done in moving a unit positive charge from one point to the other.
The rate of flow of charges constitutes current.
Ohm's law states that the current flowing through a metallic conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends, provided temperature and other physical conditions of the conductor remains the same.
When resistors are combined in series the equivalent resistance is the sum of the individual resistance.
When resistors are connected in parallel the reciprocal of the equivalent resistance is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances.
The amount of heat generated in a conductor of resistance 'R', when current 'I' flows through it in a given time 't', is given by I
2
Rt.
Electric power is said to be one watt if a potential difference of one volt causes a current of one ampere to flow through a conductor.
The magnetic field inside a current carrying solenoid is uniform and parallel to the axis. The magnetic field outside the solenoid is similar to that produced by a bar magnet.
When a current carrying wire is placed in a magnetic field, a force acts on the wire.
An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
When there is a relative motion between a wire loop and a magnet a current is induced in the loop. This is known as 'electromagnetic induction'.
A dynamo converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Heat loss in carrying electricity over a long distance is reduced if it is transmitted at high voltages.
Electric fuses are used to prevent overheating due to overload or short circuiting.
The earth wire is connected to the metallic body of an appliance.
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Electricity, its Heating, Chemical and Magnetic Effects
