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Appendices
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Copyright and Public Domain
All the text, images and video clips on this website when not directly sent by their authors, are either used by permission or are in the public domain. In many cases has been compiled from articles, books and other public sites in the Internet. When possible, the author and the source is indicated.
Public domain occurs after the death of the author plus 70 years. In addition, recent legal decisions have held that “slavish” reproductions of public domain texts and artworks, even those reproductions involving considerable expertise, do not reach a level of creativity or originality sufficient to carry copyright of their own. In its 2008 decision, for example, the US Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals wrote, “The law is becoming increasingly clear: one possesses no copyright interest in reproductions…when these reproductions do nothing more than accurately convey the underlying image.”
Some continue to pay museums and libraries for reproductions of public domain works. Or, in the other hand, they claim copyrights for a reproduction of a public domain document. This is largely a matter of tradition and is immaterial as a legal argument. Copyright terms are constitutionally limited for a reason and public domain exists for a reason; for more on the ethical and legal ramifications of this subject, see the Duke School of Law Center for the Study of the Public Domain. For more on the legal and ethical ramifications of claiming copyright where no copyright exists, see, among other sources, “Copyfraud” (New York University Law Review), by Jason Mazzone, professor of law at Brooklyn Law School.
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All the information in this website not directly sent by their authors, has been compiled from other sites in the Internet. When possible, the author and source has been indicated. |
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